He mea kupaianaha nā haʻiki no nā ʻano hana polysaccharide kiʻekiʻe-molecular-weight a lākou e hana ai, a loaʻa nā polyglycans bioactive ma nā wahi āpau o ka halo.Hōʻike nā Polysaccharides i nā macromolecule biological like ʻole me nā waiwai physiochemical ākea.Ua unuhi ʻia nā polysaccharides like ʻole mai ke kino hua, spores, a me ka mycelia o lingzhi;Ua hana ʻia lākou e ka mycelia fungal i hoʻoulu ʻia i loko o nā fermenters a hiki ke ʻokoʻa i kā lākou kō a me nā haku peptide a me ke kaumaha molekala (e laʻa, nā ganoderans A, B, a me C).Hōʻike ʻia ʻo G. lucidum polysaccharides (GL-PSs) e hōʻike i kahi ākea o nā bioactivities.Loaʻa maʻamau ka polysaccharides mai ka haloʻi ma o ka unuhi ʻana me ka wai wela a ukali ʻia e ka ua me ka ethanol a i ʻole ka wehe ʻana o ka membrane.
Hōʻike ka nānā ʻana o nā GL-PS ʻo ka glucose ka mea nui o ke kō.Eia nō naʻe, he heteropolymers nā GL-PS a hiki ke loaʻa i ka xylose, mannose, galactose, a me ka fucose i nā conformations like ʻole, me 1-3, 1-4, a me 1-6-linked β a me α-D (a i ʻole L) -substitutions.
ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā lālā a me nā hiʻohiʻona solubility i ʻōlelo ʻia e pili i nā waiwai antitumorigenic o kēia polysaccharides.Aia i loko o ka halo kahi matrix o ka polysaccharide chitin, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ke kino o ke kanaka a ʻo ia kekahi kuleana no ka paʻakikī kino o ka halo.He nui nā mea hoʻomākaukau polysaccharide i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i unuhi ʻia mai G. lucidum ke kūʻai ʻia nei ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO Terpenes kahi papa o nā pūhui kūlohelohe maoli nona nā iwi kalapona i hoʻokumu ʻia i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aʻe paha nā ʻāpana isoprene C5.ʻO nā laʻana o terpenes he menthol (monoterpene) a me β-carotene (tetraterpene).He mau alkenes ka nui, ʻoiai aia kekahi mau pūʻulu hana ʻē aʻe, a he nui ka pōʻaiapuni.
ʻO Triterpenes kahi subclass o terpenes a loaʻa iā ia kahi iwi kino C30.Ma keʻano laulā, loaʻa i nā triterpenoids nā paona molekala mai 400 a 600 kDa a paʻakikī ko lākou hoʻolālā kemika a ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia.
Ma G. lucidum, hoʻokumu ʻia ke ʻano kemika o nā triterpenes ma ka lanostane, he metabolite o ka lanosterol, ʻo ka biosynthesis e pili ana i ka cyclization o squalene.ʻO ka unuhi ʻana o nā triterpenes maʻamau e hana ʻia e ka ethanol solvents.Hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe hou ʻia nā unuhi e nā ʻano kaʻawale like ʻole, me ka HPLC maʻamau a me ka hoʻohuli ʻana.
ʻO nā triterpenes mua i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai G. lucidum ʻo ia ka ganoderic acids A a me B, i ʻike ʻia e Kubota et al.(1982).Mai ia manawa, ua hōʻike ʻia ma mua o 100 triterpenes me nā mea hoʻohui kemika a me nā hoʻonohonoho molekala e hana ʻia ma G. lucidum.Ma waena o lākou, ʻoi aku ma mua o 50 i ʻike ʻia he mea hou a kū hoʻokahi i kēia haʻuki.ʻO ka hapa nui he ganoderic a me lucidenic acids, akā ua ʻike ʻia nā triterpene ʻē aʻe e like me ganoderals, ganoderiols, a me ganodermic acids (Nishitoba et al. 1984; Sato et al. 1986; Budavari 1989; Gonzalez et al. 1999; 2002; Akihisa et al. 2007; Zhou et al. 2007; Jiang et al. 2008; Chen et al. 2010).
He waiwai nui ʻo G. lucidum i nā triterpenes, a ʻo ia ka papa o nā pūhui e hāʻawi i ka lau nahele i kona ʻono ʻawaʻawa a, manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia, hāʻawi iā ia i nā pono olakino like ʻole, e like me ka lipid-lowering a me nā hopena antioxidant.Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka ʻike triterpene ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole a me nā pae ulu o ka halo.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o nā triterpenes ʻokoʻa ma G. lucidum e hoʻokaʻawale i kēia ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau mai nā ʻano ʻano pili ʻauhau ʻē aʻe, a hiki ke lilo i mea hōʻike kākoʻo no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻike triterpene ma ke ʻano he ana o ka maikaʻi o nā laʻana ganoderma like ʻole